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Association of diabetes and outcomes in patients with COVID-19: Propensity score-matched analyses from a French retrospective cohort
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Association of diabetes and outcomes in patients with COVID-19: Propensity score-matched analyses from a French retrospective cohort
Willy Sutter, Baptiste Duceau, Maxime Vignac, Guillaume Bonnet, Aurélie Carlier, Ronan Roussel, Antonin Trimaille, Thibaut Pommier, Pierre Guilleminot, Audrey Sagnard, Julie Pastier, Orianne Weizman, Gauthier Giordano, Joffrey Cellier, Laura Geneste, Vassili Panagides, Wassima Marsou, Antoine Deney, Clément Karsenty, Sabir Attou, Thomas Delmotte, Sophie Ribeyrolles, Pascale Chemaly, Alexandre Gautier, Charles Fauvel, Corentin Chaumont, Delphine Mika, Théo Pezel, Ariel Cohen, Louis Potier, on the behalf of the Critical COVID-19 France Investigators
Diabetes & Metabolism, Volume 47, Issue 4, July 2021, Pages 101-222
PMID: 33388386
DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.101222
Abstract
Background
Our study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with and without diabetes admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
Methods
This retrospective multicentre cohort study comprised 24 tertiary medical centres in France, and included 2851 patients (675 with diabetes) hospitalized for COVID-19 between 26 February and 20 April 2020. A propensity score-matching (PSM) method (1:1 matching including patients’ characteristics, medical history, vital statistics and laboratory results) was used to compare patients with and without diabetes (n = 603 per group). The primary outcome was admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and/or in-hospital death.
Results
After PSM, all baseline characteristics were well balanced between those with and without diabetes: mean age was 71.2 years; 61.8% were male; and mean BMI was 29 kg/m2. A history of cardiovascular, chronic kidney and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were found in 32.8%, 22.1% and 6.4% of participants, respectively. The risk of experiencing the primary outcome was similar in patients with or without diabetes [hazard ratio (HR): 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95–1.41; P = 0.14], and was 1.29 (95% CI: 0.97–1.69) for in-hospital death, 1.26 (95% CI: 0.9–1.72) for death with no transfer to an ICU and 1.14 (95% CI: 0.88–1.47) with transfer to an ICU.
Conclusion
In this retrospective study cohort of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, diabetes was not significantly associated with a higher risk of severe outcomes after PSM.
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